Palm Fibre and Palm Kernel Shell from Malaysia

Malaysia is a resourceful country especially in renewable energy. Many people know Malaysia is rich in underground oil reserves, year-round solar energy, good rainfall and rivers, however biomass energy is often ignored.
In fact, Malaysia is having plenty of resources of biomass energy. Among Biomass resources in Malaysia, crude palm oil industry is generating access biomass resource than trees. Crude Palm Oil industry is producing at least 5 million tons of palm kernel shell and palm fiber each year. These two substances （Palm kernel shell & palm fibre） are the main contribution for biomass energy .

Palm fiber

Fiber is a fluffy substance that also saying need larger space for storage and transporting. Palm fibre should go through compression into bale form in order to increase transport efficiency. However, Malaysian local biomass plant located not very far away from palm oil plant, hence the palm fiber is sent under raw form.
From application stand point, raw palm fiber mostly used as biomass purpose. For other applications , such as long fiber or palm fibre pellet, those products are processed to add value.
The long fibers extract from palm fiber will be sorted out as the material for making palm mattress. And we all know, China is currently the major palm mattress production base. In order to improve the efficiency inshipping, the manufacturer will compress the long fibers into bale form for the convenient shipping process from Malaysia to China. A 20-foot container, it can be fitted with about seven tons of bundled form long fiber.
EFB pallet is another application for short fibre. The fluffy fiber will be squeezed in the EFB pelletizing press machine rollers in order to form a high-density EFB pallet. A well establish press machine is able to produce EFB pallet with diameter of 8mm, and pallet length of 15-20mm. EFB pallet is normally asking for much higher price then the raw form of material, in most cases, the EFB pellet is selling higher price than palm kernel shell. Packing wise, a one ton bags can only load with 700kg of EFB pallet.

Palm kernel shell

As know by many people, the black colour shell from oil palm fruit is the hard shell which we name it as palm kernel shell. Palm kernel shell itself is a high density material . These high density shell , can burn for generating combustion calorific heat about 4,200 kcal / kg. Palm kernel shell is a high density and low moisture product, so it is also act as a natural biomass pallet. In this region, most of the PKS is shipped under raw form.
During transportation, a tonage bag could load around 600kg of palm kernel shell . Palm kernel shell is more favourable for transport under loose form as it will not cause damage. However for EFB pellet, it will break if the handling process is not appropriate. In many case, a EFB pellet will break into shorter pellet size after transportation.
Because of palm kernel shell is not easy to broken features, during transportation, we can ship the PKS under loose form in 20-foot container . Each 20 -foot container can carry up to 19-ton palm kernel shell, this also imply palm kernel shell is more efficiency even shipping under container.

From the perspective of biomass energy, palm kernel shell is one of the favourable biomass commodity. This product is more favourable to transport and providing high calorific value and less moisture. Palm kernel shell is currently the most common biomass energy commodity for exports and overseas market.

February 24, 2013

Latest EFB Briquette

DST has committed in renewable energy sector at Malaysia, we has set our target to provide more

choices for biomass energy resources to local and worldwide market. We have heavily involved in supplying of EFB pellet, saw dust pellet and biomass palm briquette. On the other hand, we do study with the customer need in order to supply more choices of biomass products for the market. 25mm diameter of EFB briquette is one of our latest biomass energy resources.

Revolution of EFB Briquette

Briquette referring to larger diameter biomass commodity whereby pellet is always refer to small size such as below 10mm diameter.

Large EFB Palm Briquette.

The original palm briquette is manufacturing into 70-80mm diameter. Through practical application, we notice many of the briquette being wasted as incomplete combustion happened in the biomass chamber.

Hollow Type EFB Palm Briquette.

The dense inner part is the area always is hard in combustion because of insufficient air flow. In order to improve the situation, pressed machine has been re-design whereby the briquette comes with an hollow ID. The hollow type of EFB briquette does help the improve of combustion.

Smaller size EFB palm briquette.

25mm diameter is one of the smaller size briquette. EFB palm fibre length has been studied and calculated before the 25mm diameter being determined. The 25mm EFB palm briquette is one of the optimum briquetting process which able to maintain smoother briquetting process.

Why 25mm EFB Briquette?

The 25mm EFB briquette is developed with a few objectives:

Suitable to most biomass input grating system.

The smaller of briquette is definitely more forgiving while coming to biomass boiler input grate system. Most of the industrial biomass boiler is able adapting to this new size.

Optimum in briquetting process.

25mm is the balance between briquette manufacturer and user. The dry EFB fibre can pressed into EFB briquette with only shredded process.

Energy retention in combustion process.

The briquette is able to retain heat during the combustion process while also ensure complete combustion, waste of incomplete briquette is minimize.

Who needs 25mm EFB Briquette?

EFB briquette or palm briquette is always a good energy source for biomass power plant. The existing biomass plant who using larger briquette can easily converted to 25mm diameter EFB briquette without any changing in process.

Biomass boiler who currently using palm kernel shell, shredded EFB fibre or pellet are suitable for this EFB briquette.

We welcome any inquiry about this 25mm diameter EFB briquette.

February 17, 2013

Coconut Shell

Coconut is one of the major agriculture commodity in Malaysia. The largest coconut estate located in Perak state Bagan Datoh area. The tall coconut tree has many application, coconut milk

becomes the major composition for food beverage, the coconut water is a refreshment drink, the fibre on the coconut is a good material for mattress, and the coconut shell is a good source for active carbon or charcoal.

Many coconut estates has converted to oil palm estate, however there still have substantial area of coconut tree in the area to support the coconut related business.

General Introduction of Coconut Shell

The outer coconut fibre will be removed and left the enclose hard coconut shell. The hard coconut shell will chop in half. The white colour coconut fresh will be removed for retrieving coconut milk, this left the half coconut shell.

The outer area of the hard coconut shell is yellowish in colour and inner area may attach with some left over white colour fresh.

Some Applications for Coconut Shell

The coconut shell used to be a biomass energy resource but it has better value now. The hard shell is a good nature fabricate into active carbon for water filtration. The carbonized coconut shell will go through grinding in order to becomes activated carbon.

Another application is converting the coconut shell to charcoal. The coconut shell charcoal is a porous substance that has been used for air filter.

Supply of Coconut Shell

DST is supplying the coconut shell to local and worldwide market. Our coconut shell will be packed in 20kg bag which ready for shipment.

We welcome any inquiry about coconut shell.

February 15, 2013

Biomass Glossary

Anaerobic digestion: Degradation of organic matter by microbes in the absence of oxygen to produce methane and carbon dioxide

Bagasse: Residue remaining after extracting a sugar-containing juice from plants like sugar cane

Biodiesel: A biodegradable transportation fuel for use in diesel engines. Biodiesel is produced through the transesterification of organically-derived oils or fats. It may be used either as a replacement for or as a component of diesel fuel.

Bioenergy: The production, conversion, and use of material directly or indirectly produced by photosynthesis (including organic waste) to manufacture fuels and substitutes for petrochemical and other energy-intensive products.

Biofuels: Biofuels: Liquid fuels and blending components produced from biomass feedstocks, used primarily for transportation. Biomass converted to liquid or gaseous fuels such as ethanol, methanol, methane, and hydrogen.

Biogas: A gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide and methane produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic matter.

Biomass: Biomass is any organic matter including forest and mill residues, agricultural crops and wastes, wood and wood wastes, animal wastes, livestock operation residues, aquatic plants, and municipal and industrial wastes

Capacity – The power/products that a machine or system can produce or generate safely.

Effluent: The liquid or gas discharged from a process or chemical reactor, usually containing residues from that process.

Feedstock: Raw material used for the generation of bioenergy and the creation of other bioproducts.

Gasification: A chemical or heat process to convert a solid fuel to a gaseous form

Grid: An electric utility company’s system for distributing power,

-Grid connection – Joining a plant that generates electric power to a utility system so that electricity can flow in either direction between the utility system and the plant.

Kilowatt: A measure of electrical power equal to 1,000 watts. 1 kW = 3412 Btu/hr

Landfill gas: Biogas produced from the natural degradation of organic material in landfills

Municipal solid waste: Residential solid waste and some nonhazardous commercial, institutional, and industrial wastes

Pyrolysis: The thermal decomposition of biomass at high temperatures (greater than 400° F, or 200° C) in the absence of air. The end product of pyrolysis is a mixture of solids (char), liquids (oxygenated oils), and gases (methane, carbon monoxide, and carbondioxide) with proportions determined by operating temperature, pressure, oxygen content, and other conditions

Residues, Biomass: Byproducts that have significant energy or products potential from processing all forms of biomass.

Thermochemical conversion: The use of heat to change substances chemically to produce energy products

Transesterification: A chemical process which reacts an alcohol with the triglycerides contained in vegetable oils and animal fats to produce biodiesel and glycerin

Waste transfer stations: Facilities where municipal solid waste is unloaded from collection vehicles and briefly held while it is reloaded onto larger long-distance transport vehicles for shipment to landfills or other treatment or disposal facilities

February 13, 2013

Palm Pellet Choices

There are many variety of palm pellet available in biomass market, namely EFB pellet, Mesocarp pellet, oil palm tree trunk pellet. Among all, EFB pellet is widely known in the market. Apart from the palm pellet, there is also palm briquette.

The differences of Palm Pellet

The main difference for various type of palm pellet is named after difference raw material used.

EFB Pellet.

The raw material for EFB pellet is empty fruit bunch discarded from crude palm oil mill.

Mesocarp pellet.

Mesocarp is not a commonly know term by majority. Mesocarp fibre stands for the fibre from the oil palm fruit. This is a short fibre.

Trunk pellet.

The raw material is oil palm tree trunk after demolish from the oil palm estate. In ordinary condition, oil palm estate will carry out re-planting after the oil palm tree reach 20 years, the demolish palm tree trunk can also send to pelleting factory for doing trunk pellet.

Palm Pellet Pelleting Process

Regardless any oil palm waste material, the waste will go through series a comprehensive pelleting process in order to manufacture quality pellet product. The pelleting process could be simplified to crushing, drying, pelleting, cooling and packing. For details elaboration, please refer to palm pellet pelleting process.

Why Malaysia becomes Famous Palm Pellet Manufacturer

Malaysia is a country with rich of oil palm product. EFB contribute the major portion of overall oil palm waste. There is 20 million ton of EFB available in Malaysia, most of the abundance EFB being used as raw biomass material or retrieving long fibre for mattress or fibre board.

Due to the constrain and increase in fossil fuel price, we are seeing the needs for converting EFB into palm pellet. Palm pellet is a more efficient heating energy compare to raw EFB. There are several well establish palm pellet manufacturer in Malaysia and we estimate 1 million ton of palm pellet per year suppling to the market.

Apart from the raw material availability, technical and R&D are another 2 major factors making Malaysia a palm pellet manufacturer in this district. Malaysia government or MPOB has invested substantial amount every year in researching and developing new application.

Oil palm waste has becomes an importance biomass commodity and it derivative product such as EFB fibre, palm pellet, palm briquette will more suitable for oversea market. Palm fibre contribute a huge portion of biomass energy in Malaysia.

DST is supplying biomass commodity such as palm pellet, efb pellet, palm briquette and palm kernel shell to worldwide market. We welcome any enquiry about your biomass needs.

February 7, 2013

Biomass Energy Resource from Malaysia

Even though Malaysia is a fossil fuel export country, but this does not stop the country from committing in developing renewable energy. Malaysia is a country rich in biomass energy resource, many materials can easily convert to biomass.

There are several common biomass renewable energy in Malaysia, such as palm pellet, EFB pellet, EFB, palm kernel shell, wood chip and saw dust pellet. In this article, we will discuss slightly more about the prospect for each biomass energy resource in Malaysia.

Biomass Energy Resources in Malaysia

EFB

EFB stands for empty fruit bunch discarded from palm oil mill. The EFB will go through pressed and shredded process before it can be used as biomass power plant. The shredded efb will always high in moisture and not favourable for shipping.

Palm kernel shell

Or in abbreviation PKS. The palm kernel shell is a good biomass resource with high calorific value, low moisture and easy transportation and handling. Unfortunately the supply of palm kernel shell is saturated. A large portion of palm kernel shell has been used at local Malaysia market.

Mesocarp Fibre

This short and dry fibre is favourable in biomass for heat retrieve, however the volume is small and unable to support the biomass industry.

Rice Hust

This is the husk salvage from rice mill. The rice husk is light and having high silica content. Not very suitable for biomass. Perhaps the light weight also not favourable for biomass boiler.

Coconut fibre

Most of the coconut plantation in Malaysia has been converted to oil palm estate, hence the coconut fibre is shrinking from year to year. It left very limited coconut fibre available in the market. Coconut fibre has not been used as biomass purpose.

Wood chip

Malaysia is a country cover with wood lodge. The left over wood will send to crushing process for chopping it into chip form. Wood chip is a renewable energy commodity however the re-planting is taking longer time before the tree mature. The wood chip volume is at decreasing stage meanwhile price is getting higher.

Wood pellet

The raw material of wood pellet is saw dust, so it also name as saw dust pellet. Wood pellet is resemble as wood chip. It provides similar heating effect and function as wood chip. However the price of wood pellet is getting higher.

EFB pellet

This is the new pellet product manufacturer at Malaysia. The shredded EFB will go through EFB pelletize process for making EFB pellet. EFB pellet consider relatively new as the biomass commodity for biomass market. Due to it availability, we foresee EFB pellet will become one of the major biomass energy choices in the market.

Malaysia is the country rich in tree and many others agriculture commodities, many commodities has been widely used as the biomass energy resources in Malaysia. Oil palm is one of the larger agriculture products and many researches / application has developed for converting the by-product of palm oil waste into biomass commodity. The prospect of oil palm related biomass energy resource is bright as it has becomes major sustainable energy in Malaysia and world wide market,

January 28, 2013

Malaysia Pellet Supplier

Biofuel Resource is a Pellet Supplier from Malaysia

There are many pellet manufacturers and supplier in the world, this include Malaysia. Malaysia is a country with resourceful of renewable energy commodity, such as EFB fibre, saw dust, straw, rice husk and wood chip. This has make Malaysia a source of pellet supplier.

Empty fruit bunch or EFB has only be used as Malaysia local biomass commodity but not favourable for exporting market. This is because this EFB is high condensated product and not favourable for exporting and also heat generating is low. The pelletize process be able to convert the EFB into EFB pellet. Perhaps, the pelletize machine also can convert saw dust into valued pellet commodity.

Why Malaysia famous as Pellet Supplier

There are many pellet suppliers in the world, every company deal within their talent and capability for the region. If you are looking for EFB pellet, or palm fibre biomass briquette Malaysia is one of the best pellet manufacturer and supplier for world wide market.

EFB pellet is making from the source of EFB. Malaysia is the country with sufficient EFB volume in order to support the market demand. Many EFB pellet manufacturer is setting up in Malaysia for supplying pellet to biomass industry.

The electric tariff and management quality awareness also another good reason Malaysia will becomes the good pellet manaufacturer.

DST, The Pellet Supplier from Malaysia

DST is one of the pellet supplier from Malaysia. Currently we have EFB pellet and saw dust pellet or wood pellet supply to the market. Due to the high demand of pellet commodity product, DST has ong relation with several famous oil palm mill around the country in order to secure the EFB. We also having several contracts as acquire the source of saw dust.

DST is resourceful in supplying EFB pellet and saw dust pellet for domestic and overseas market. Feel free to contact DST and understand more about our pellet product manufacture from Malaysia.

The Demand of Biomass Pellet in Malaysia

Due to the shortage and constraint for fossil fuel and coal, pellet has become an ideal energy alternative for biomass power plant. Many countries already involved in manufacture and supplying pellet for market.

Pellet has been introduced to the market for several years, and recently Korea and Japan has enforced in green gas discharge. Pellet is having the nature of fulfill green emitted gas or no fume discharge during burning processes. Many pellets supplier from Malaysia has shipped to Japan and Korea market.

There are also others pellet supplier from Malaysia apart from DST, you are welcome to check with any one of them to understand more about the pellet quality, EFB pellet price and delivery arrangement.

January 21, 2013January 24, 2013

Well Know EFB Pellet Manufacturer in Malaysia

Empty fruit bunch or EFB is one of the common biomass commodity in Malaysia.

Turning EFB fibre into EFB pellet is getting many manufactures’ attention in Malaysia. There are more and more EFB pellet manufacturers in Malaysia as we are seeing the demand of this EFB pellet is increasing.

Air pollution is one of the severe topic that affecting human living nature. The latest claim from China is about the terms of Beijing Cough. Basically this terms imply that China is facing severe challenge on airborne contamination. Reducing the particulate discharge to the air is one of the direction for improving the air quality.

EFB pellet can be used to replace coal for heating purpose. EFB pellet not only deliver high heat energy but also reduce the particulate discharge to the air. Please read EFB pellet general introduction.

Why Malaysia is Popular in EFB Pellet Manufacture

EFB fibre is the raw material for EFB pellet. Oil palm industry is the main argriculture crops in Malaysia, many plantation has been converted to oil palm estate. EFB is one of the discarded product from crude palm oil mail, EFB contribute 20% out from a fresh FFB.

For an ordinary crude palm oil mill, every hour there will be 15MT of EFB being discarded after crushing for palm oil. The EFB will go through EFB palletizing process for manufacturing become EFB pellet. Because of the large volume of EFB, this has make Malaysia becomes an EFB pellet manufacturer.

Other Factor Becoming EFB Pellet Manufacturer in Malaysia

Apart from EFB fibre, the electric tariff also another factor that make Malaysia suitable for EFB pellet manufacture.

The EFB pellet machine basically is using mechanical force to compress efb fibre become pellet, this process requires electric to make the motor turn. Hence, electric tariff contribute a major portion of EFB pellet cost, since Malaysia maintain a low electric tariff, this make Malaysia having the advantages for setting up pelletize process.

Contact DST, the EFB Pellet Manufacturer in Malaysia

There is an increasing efb pellet manufacturer in Malaysia, and DST is one of the pioneer on efb pellet manufacturer in Malaysia. We supply the EFB pellet and saw dust pellet to world wide market.

There are several reasons that makes DST is one of the key EFB pellet manufacturer in Malaysia,

Steady supply of EFB fibre.

Own logistic team for transporting the EFB pellet effectively and efficiently.

High performance pelleting machine setup.

Skill and knowledgable employee.

As a EFB pellet manufacturer and supplier in Malaysia, we are looking forward Malaysia will becomes one of the key exporters of EFB pellet for biomass power plant. Please kindly write to DST for understand more about our pellet products.

January 18, 2013January 28, 2013

Factors Affecting EFB Pellet Price

EFB pellet product has slowly becomes popular in the renewable energy market, and we are very confident the EFB pellet will sooner get the higher market share. We are slowly seeing EFB pellet price advantage compare to other similar commodity, such as wood pellet price.

In order to propose a new renewable energy to t

he end user, apart from advantages of the products, the availability and pricing are another 2 important factors for determining whether EFB pellet could becomes a popular commodity. We have discuss several advantages for EFB pellet in previous article, and in this article, we would like to discuss about EFB pellet price factor.

Factors Determining EFB Pellet Price

Raw EFB Fibre Cost

Empty Fruit Bunch or we name as EFB in most cases is the discarded product many years ago, now the efb has no more a free item from oil palm mill. EFB price has direct impacted to the EFB pellet price. Currently, EFB pellet manufacturer in Malaysia need to buy in order to acquire the EFB fibre from oil palm mill.

EFB Pellet Machine Setup and Routine Maintenance Cost

The EFB pellet machine maintenance cost will evenly added into the EFB pellet price, meanwhile pellet manufacturer will consider the pellet machine depreciation or amortization so that the amount also be added in part of the fix cost.

EFB Pellet Operation Cost

Operation cost can be classified into several field, such as:

Manpower cost.

Malaysia has enforced low salary scheme start from year 2013.

Factory Rental.

Supporting cost.

Even though the EFB pellet factory is highly automated, but there are many activities that need supporting facility, such as folk lift, shovel. This could also part of the operation cost which always neglected.

Electrical Tariff.

Electrical tariff is one of the main cost for operation, perhaps it affected the EFB pellet price significantly. Pellet machine requires huge electric current in order to press the EFB fibre into dense pellet. Malaysia is one of the low electric tariff country in south east asia, please see the Malaysia electric tariff from TNB, and this is also one of the advantages to have high electric consumption plant being setup in low tariff country like Malaysia.

Packing Cost.

The efb pellet is packed under jumbo bag. Even though the jumbo bag does not directly affected the EFB pellet quality but it may reach certain quality for protecting the EFB pellet during the entiring storage and handling stage.

Transportation for EFB fibre and EFB Pellet

Transportation is one of the main contributor for EFB pellet price, it significantly affected the EFB pellet price. In order to keep a reasonable price ratio, the EFP pellet manufacturer need to consider and maintain at low transportation cost.

There are many other factors affected the EFB pellet price and cost, but above are a few which directly impact the pricing level that we should looking into.

January 18, 2013

Advantages of EFB Pellet

Scientis and engineers have never stop looking for new substitution energy source, especially explore the possibility of renewable energy. Biomass is one of the renewable energy which has been widely promote and EFB pellet is one of the new commodity for biomass.

Not many people in the market aware about EFB pellet however they do aware of saw dust pellet or wood pellet which originate from discarded saw dust. The EFB fibre go through pelletize machine and process, the products becomes EFB pellet.

What is the advantages for EFB pellet?

EFB Pellet Generate Low to No Smoke during Burning Process

Smoke and fume discharge during the burning process is one of the key contributor for air pollution, however the EFB pellet will not generate smoke during the burning process. This is because the pellet is a dense and dry substance which will introduce full combustion without discharge smoke or fume.

EFB pellet is a Renewable Energy Source

EFB fibre is a renewable energy and same to EFB pellet which also made by the EFB fibre. More over, the pelletize process also involve eletric energy, hence the pellet shipping from a country to another country also imply the export of electric current.

Haven’t said that, Malaysia electric tariff is much lower than many other countries such as Japan & Korea. While exporting the Malaysia local made pellet to Japan also imply Japan is enjoying competitive electric tariff as in Malaysia.

EFB Pellet is Easy in Handling, Transportation and Storage

The 6 to 10mm diameter with length <30mm pellet will be packed in a jumbo bag. The small size and high density also ensure every jumbo bag could weight around 700kg per bag. The jumbo bag could be transfer from one place to other via truck or container without wasting too much empty space.

A 20 feet container is able to store around 28MT of EFB pellet. The jumbo bag could steadily pile up in the store for storage purpose. A 20ft container is able to store more EFB pellet than palm fibre briquette.

EFB Pellet Deliver Consistent Burning Efficiency

EFB pellet will be easily burn and fully converted to ash. The pellet which put into the biomass boiler grate will thoroughly combust. 6 to 10mm diameter pellet will ensure the inner core portion of the pellet fully burn and not left any uncombust portion. An EFB briquette may need to have dedicated inner hold design in order to promote the combustion process.

EFB Pellet is Turning Waste to Usable Energy

Malaysia is one of the country with many discarded Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) with very minimum usage. Converting EFB fibre to EFB pellet has awarded Malaysia as one of the EFB pellet manufacturer. EFB pellet is one of the application to make full use of EFB fibre which initially with low to no use. The loose EFB fibre is thin and light which is not very favourable for generating heat.

EFB pellet is the compressed pellet from EFB fibre, it is a dense pellet which very suitable for combustion and heat retrieve. The smoke free during the combustion also means the EFB pellet is a good renerable energy source that will not not discharge airborne contaminant to the environment. By comparing between EFB pellet and coal, EFB pellet has much less particulate discharge during the combustion process.